PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.
